Panerai, officially known as Officine Panerai, is an Italian luxury watchmaker celebrated for its bold, oversized designs and deep military roots, dating back to its founding in Florence in 1860. Originally crafting precision instruments for the Italian Navy, Panerai’s iconic Radiomir and Luminor models emerged from this heritage, featuring large cushion-shaped cases (typically 44mm–47mm) designed for durability and underwater use. The Radiomir, introduced in the 1930s, pioneered radium-based luminescence, while the 1940s Luminor added a patented crown-protecting bridge and tritium lume, later replaced by Super-LumiNova. Panerai’s Submersible line further solidifies its dive-watch prowess with water resistance exceeding 300m. Known for high legibility, Panerai dials use minimalist layouts with sandwich construction for enhanced luminosity. Modern models often house in-house movements like the P.9000 or P.9010, though earlier entry-level pieces relied on modified ETA calibers. The brand’s military legacy, tied to Italy’s WWII frogman commandos, lends a rugged, tool-watch appeal. Popular collections include the Luminor Marina, Radiomir 1940, Submersible, and the sleeker Luminor Due. Panerai’s distinctive aesthetic, historical significance, and cult following among collectors ("Paneristi") make it a standout in luxury sports watches, blending mechanical innovation with naval tradition. Would you like details on a specific model?